1 Tirohanga Whānui
He taputapu nui te takirere pūrerehua i roto i te pūnaha paipa tuku wai me te pūnaha waikeri. I te whanaketanga o te hangarau ahumahi, kua puta ake ngā whakaritenga rerekē mō te hanganga me te mahi a te takirere pūrerehua. Nō reira, me whiriwhiri tika te momo, te rauemi me te āhua hononga kia rite ki ngā āhuatanga mahi i te wā hoahoa me te whiriwhiri.
He taputapu nui te takirere pūrerehua i roto i te pūnaha paipa tuku wai me te pūnaha waikeri. I te whanaketanga o te hangarau ahumahi, kua puta ake ngā whakaritenga rerekē mō te hanganga me te mahi a te takirere pūrerehua. Nō reira, me whiriwhiri tika te momo, te rauemi me te āhua hononga kia rite ki ngā āhuatanga mahi i te wā hoahoa me te whiriwhiri.
2 Hoahoa
2.1 Hanganga
Kei waenganui o te reo te wahi kati (te pereti pūrerehua) o te takirere pūrerehua, ā, me whai whakaaro anō hoki i roto i te hoahoa tōna awe ki te ātete rere.
2.1 Hanganga
Kei waenganui o te reo te wahi kati (te pereti pūrerehua) o te takirere pūrerehua, ā, me whai whakaaro anō hoki i roto i te hoahoa tōna awe ki te ātete rere.
Mō te hanganga o te pereti pūrerehua o te takirere pūrerehua whānui-rahi, e kī ana te AWWA C504 (American Water Supply Engineering Association Standard) kaua te pereti pūrerehua e whai rara whakawhiti, ā, kaua tōna matotoru e neke atu i te 2.25 ngā wā o te whānui o te kakau takirere.
Me whakahāngai te mata wai e tomo mai ana me te mata wai e puta atu ana o te pereti pūrerehua.
Kāore e taea e ngā tīwiri o roto te puta ki waho o te pereti pūrerehua, kia kore ai e nui ake te horahanga e anga ana ki te wai.
2.2 Hiri rapa
Me whakahāngai te mata wai e tomo mai ana me te mata wai e puta atu ana o te pereti pūrerehua.
Kāore e taea e ngā tīwiri o roto te puta ki waho o te pereti pūrerehua, kia kore ai e nui ake te horahanga e anga ana ki te wai.
2.2 Hiri rapa
I ētahi wā, he poto te roa o te ora o te takirere pūrerehua rapa, e pā ana ki te kounga o te rapa me te whānui o te mata hiri. Me hanga te mowhiti hiri o te takirere pūrerehua hiri-rapa ki ngā rauemi rapa kounga teitei, ā, me whai i ngā ture tukanga i te wā e whakakoi ana i te kōpeketanga. Kaua e whakanuia noa te pāmahana whakamomona, ā, ka taea te whakapoto i te wā, ki te kore ka ngawari te tawhito me te pakaru o te mowhiti hiri. Me nui te whānui o te mata hiri whakarewa e ōrite ana ki te mowhiti hiri rapa, ki te kore ka uaua te whakauru i te mowhiti hiri rapa. Hei tāpiri, ko te āhua me te tūnga o te manawanui, te ōrite, te tika, te maeneene, me te ngāwari o te mowhiti hiri o te tinana takirere me te pereti pūrerehua ka pā ki te roa o te ora o te mowhiti hiri rapa.
2.2 Te pakari
He mea nui te pakari i roto i te hoahoa o ngā takirere pūrerehua, e pā ana ki ngā āhuatanga pēnei i ngā pereti pūrerehua, ngā pou takirere me ngā hononga.
He mea nui te pakari i roto i te hoahoa o ngā takirere pūrerehua, e pā ana ki ngā āhuatanga pēnei i ngā pereti pūrerehua, ngā pou takirere me ngā hononga.
(1) Te rahi o te toki takirere Kua tohua te rahi o te toki takirere i roto i te AWWA C504. Mena kāore te rahi o te toki takirere e tutuki i ngā whakaritenga, tera pea kāore e ranea te pakari, te turuturu o te hiri whakamuri, me te taipana whakatuwheratanga nui. Ko te pakari o te toki e pā ana ki te 1/EI, arā, hei whakapai ake i te pakari me te whakaiti i te raruraru whakarerekētanga, me tīmata mā te whakanui ake i te EI. Ko E te modulus o te ngāwari. I te nuinga o te wā, kāore te rerekētanga o te maitai i te nui, ā, he iti noa te pānga o te rauemi kua tīpakohia ki te pakari. Ko I te wā o te korenga, ā, e pā ana ki te rahi o te wāhanga o te toki. Ko te rahi o te toki takirere ka tatauhia i runga i te huinga o te piko me te takahuri. Ehara i te mea ko te taipana anake e pā ana, engari ko te wā piko hoki e pā ana. Ina koa, he nui ake te wā piko o te takirere pūrerehua whānui-rahi i te taipana.
(2) Te whakataurite i te pū kōhao o te pou E kī ana te putanga tawhito o te AWWA C504 he pou tika te pou takirere pūrerehua. Whai muri i te putanga o te tau 1980, i whakaarohia kia rua ngā pou poto. E ai ki te AWWA C504 me te GB12238, ko te roa o te pou me te pū kōhao kua whakauruhia kia 1.5d. Kua tohua te āputa (uara C) i waenganui i te taha o te tinana takirere me te pito tautoko o te pereti pūrerehua i roto i te taha tuaka o te takirere pūrerehua Hapanihi, e pā ana ki te rahi o te diameter, kei waenganui i te 25 me te 45mm, arā, hei whakaiti i te tawhiti i waenganui i ngā tautoko pou (uara C), kia whakaitihia ai te nekehanga piko me te whakarerekētanga o te pou.
(3) Hanganga pereti pūrerehua He hononga tika tō te hanganga o te pereti pūrerehua ki te pakari, nō reira, hei tāpiri atu ki te āhua pereti papatahi, he āhua kohua, he āhua rūrū rānei te nuinga o te wā. I roto i te poto, ko te whakanui ake i te kaha o te wāhanga kia pakari ake ai.
(4) Hanganga o te tinana takirere He raruraru pakari anō hoki kei roto i te hoahoa o te tinana takirere pūrerehua whānui-diameter. Ko te tikanga, he rara mowhiti me he rara whakawhiti. Inaa, ko ngā rara whakawhiti ka whakanui noa i te pumau, kaua hoki e nui rawa. Ko ngā mea matua ko ngā rara mowhiti. Mena ka taea e koe te tāpiri i ngā rara āhua-∩, ka nui ake te painga ki te pakari, engari he raruraru kei te ngoikore te hanga.
2.3 Ngā peera whakahinuhinu-ake
Ko te nuinga, ko te katoa rānei o te pēhanga reo i runga i te pereti pūrerehua (whakamuri) ka tukuna ki te peera mā te pou, nō reira he mahi tino nui tā te peera. He māmā, he ngāwari hoki ētahi o ngā takirere pūrerehua o tāwāhi, ā, ka taea te huri i ngā takirere iti ki te maihao kotahi, ko ētahi o ngā takirere pūrerehua o te kāinga he taumaha. Haunga te āhua honohono, te ōritetanga, te tika o te tukatuka, te whakaotinga me te kounga o te tākai, he mea tino nui te hinu o te rauemi ringaringa. E whakaaro ana te paerewa AWWA C504 me hanga te ringaringa, te peera rānei kua whakauruhia ki roto i te tinana takirere hei rauemi whakahinuhinu-ake, ā, he raruraru te ringaringa o te kakau ki te whakaiti i te waku me te whakahinuhinu, ā, kāore e whakaaetia te waikura. Ki te kore te ringaringa o te kakau, ahakoa he kowiri tira te kakau takirere, he raruraru waikura me te piri o te tinana takirere. Ka taea hoki e te whakamahinga o ngā pūwero te whakanui ake i te pakari.
Ko te nuinga, ko te katoa rānei o te pēhanga reo i runga i te pereti pūrerehua (whakamuri) ka tukuna ki te peera mā te pou, nō reira he mahi tino nui tā te peera. He māmā, he ngāwari hoki ētahi o ngā takirere pūrerehua o tāwāhi, ā, ka taea te huri i ngā takirere iti ki te maihao kotahi, ko ētahi o ngā takirere pūrerehua o te kāinga he taumaha. Haunga te āhua honohono, te ōritetanga, te tika o te tukatuka, te whakaotinga me te kounga o te tākai, he mea tino nui te hinu o te rauemi ringaringa. E whakaaro ana te paerewa AWWA C504 me hanga te ringaringa, te peera rānei kua whakauruhia ki roto i te tinana takirere hei rauemi whakahinuhinu-ake, ā, he raruraru te ringaringa o te kakau ki te whakaiti i te waku me te whakahinuhinu, ā, kāore e whakaaetia te waikura. Ki te kore te ringaringa o te kakau, ahakoa he kowiri tira te kakau takirere, he raruraru waikura me te piri o te tinana takirere. Ka taea hoki e te whakamahinga o ngā pūwero te whakanui ake i te pakari.
2.4 Hononga o te pou me te pereti pūrerehua
Ko te pou me te pereti pūrerehua o te takirere pūrerehua iti-diameter he mea pai kia honoa mā te kī, mā te spline rānei, ā, ka taea hoki te whakamahi i te hononga pou tapawhā, te hononga pine rānei. Ko te pou me te pereti pūrerehua o te takirere pūrerehua nui-diameter he mea hono mā te kī, mā te pine taper rānei. I tēnei wā, he maha atu ngā pou me ngā kōpae e honoa ana mā te pine. Ka pakaru te pine hono i raro i ngā āhuatanga mahi kino. Ko te nuinga o tēnei nā ngā take hanga. I roto i ēnei, ko te tika o te anastomosis kāore i te pai, te rahi o te pine kāore i te tika, te pakeke o te pine kāore i te rawaka, te rauemi rānei kāore i te tika, me ētahi atu, me aro atu. Ka taea te hono i te pou me te pereti pūrerehua o te takirere pūrerehua nui mā te tikanga motuhake.
Ko te pou me te pereti pūrerehua o te takirere pūrerehua iti-diameter he mea pai kia honoa mā te kī, mā te spline rānei, ā, ka taea hoki te whakamahi i te hononga pou tapawhā, te hononga pine rānei. Ko te pou me te pereti pūrerehua o te takirere pūrerehua nui-diameter he mea hono mā te kī, mā te pine taper rānei. I tēnei wā, he maha atu ngā pou me ngā kōpae e honoa ana mā te pine. Ka pakaru te pine hono i raro i ngā āhuatanga mahi kino. Ko te nuinga o tēnei nā ngā take hanga. I roto i ēnei, ko te tika o te anastomosis kāore i te pai, te rahi o te pine kāore i te tika, te pakeke o te pine kāore i te rawaka, te rauemi rānei kāore i te tika, me ētahi atu, me aro atu. Ka taea te hono i te pou me te pereti pūrerehua o te takirere pūrerehua nui mā te tikanga motuhake.
2.5 Te roa o te hanganga
Ka poto te roa o te hanganga o te takirere pūrerehua, engari me tūpato tēnei huarahi. Nā te mea he poto rawa te roa o te hanganga, kāore e pā ki te kaha. Kua whakaritea e ngā paerewa o te ao te roa hanganga o te raupapa poto o ngā takirere pūrerehua flange, engari kaua e whakapotohia te roa hanganga o te takirere me te pēhanga teitei ake, ki te kore ka puta he raruraru, inā koa mō ngā rauemi pakarukaru pēnei i te rino maka.
Ka poto te roa o te hanganga o te takirere pūrerehua, engari me tūpato tēnei huarahi. Nā te mea he poto rawa te roa o te hanganga, kāore e pā ki te kaha. Kua whakaritea e ngā paerewa o te ao te roa hanganga o te raupapa poto o ngā takirere pūrerehua flange, engari kaua e whakapotohia te roa hanganga o te takirere me te pēhanga teitei ake, ki te kore ka puta he raruraru, inā koa mō ngā rauemi pakarukaru pēnei i te rino maka.
Ko Nortech tētahi o ngā kaihanga takirere ahumahi matua i Haina me te tiwhikete kounga ISO9001.
Wā tuku: 20-Ākuhata-2021